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Some regionalist movements in the OECD-world have experienced a revival parallel to globalization since the end of the 1980s. When the strength of regionalist movements is measured by popular support for regionalist goals, expressed in votes for regionalist parties and surveys on different constitutional options, and also by the support regionalist objectives receive from relevant collective actors in the political and social spheres, for instance business organizations and unions, then it can be stated clearly that movements in Northern Italy, in Catalonia, in Scotland and Wales, and in Québec gained momentum simultaneously with the globalization thrust. In order to find out whether this correlation between globalization and regionalism is due to a causal relationship we proceed in three steps. Section 1 identifies causal pathways through which globalization may stimulate the rise of regional movements. Against this background we formulate in Section 2 more specific hypotheses about the rise of regionalist movements in the age of globalization. Although these hypotheses seem to have some explanatory power about this "new regionalism", the movements in Scotland and in Québec are identified in section 3 as two cases which do not fit easily into the scheme. In section 4 a detailed analysis of the regionalist discourse in Scotland and Québec is carried out which allows us to reformulate our hypotheses and to draw some general conclusions in the final section.

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